Grapevine &#34;IASMA ECO 3&#34;

ABSTRACT

This invention is a new and distinct grapevine variety named “IASMA ECO 3” which is characterized by producing white berries which mature 1 week earlier than the parents, and is much less sensitive to  Botrytis cinerea  compared to the parents. The present variety berries exhibit a loose bunch and have the presence of both geraniol and linalool.

LATIN NAME OF THE GENUS AND SPECIES CLAIMED

Vitis vinifera L.

VARIETY DENOMINATION

“IASMA ECO 3”

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is related to Community Plant Varietyapplication 2012/2344, filed in the Community Plant Variety Office onOct. 25, 2012, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated byreference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Discussion of the Background

The new and distinct grapevine described and claimed herein originatedfrom a hand pollinated cross of Malvasia (Bianca) di Candia Aromatica(pollen parent) and Moscato Ottonel (seed parent), neither of which areprotected by plant patent, plant variety protection certificate, orsimilar. The seeds were subsequently germinated and the resulting plantswere planted in the field. The present variety of grapevine was selectedas a single plant, and asexually propagated by hardwood cuttings. Theresulting propagules were planted and were found to reproducetrue-to-type through at least three generations of asexual reproduction.The observations took place from 2004 to 2010 in San Michele All'Adige(TN)—Trentino Alto Adige—Italy (46° 11′ Lat. N, 11° 28′ Long. E, 235s.l.m.).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

To the inventor's knowledge, there are no varieties similar to the newvariety; being a crossing result, they contain 50% of the geneticmaterial of the seed parent and 50% of the genetic material of thepollen parent.

The present variety produces white berries like for the parents. Thepresent variety matures 1 week earlier than the parents, and is muchless sensitive to Botrytis cinerea compared to the parents. The presentvariety berries exhibit a loose bunch and have the presence of bothgeraniol and linalool.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 provides photographic illustration in full color of “IASMA ECO 3”in various views. The colors are as nearly true as is reasonablypossible in a color representation of this type.

FIG. 2 provides a graphical representation of the average profile ofaglycone flavonols in the present invention variety by percentile.

FIG. 3 provides a graphical representation of the average profile ofcinnamic acids in the present invention variety by percentile and bymg/kg.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Throughout this specification, color names beginning with a small lettersignify that the name of that color, as used in common speech, is aptlydescriptive.

Throughout this specification subjective description values conform tothose set forth by the Community Plant Variety Office (France) in theTechnical Questionnaire for Grapevine varieties.

The descriptive matter which follows pertains to “IASMA ECO 3” plantsgrown in the vicinity of San Michele All'Adige (TN)—Trentino AltoAdige—Italy (46° 11′ Lat. N, 11° 28′ Long. E, 235 s.l.m.) from 2004 to2010, and is believed to apply to plants of the variety grown undersimilar conditions of soil and climate elsewhere:

-   cod. OIV character:-   Young shoot (10-30 cm): 001 aperture of tip 5 (fully open) 002    distribution of anthocyanin pigmentation of tip 1(absent) 003    intensity anthocyanin pigmentation of tip 1(none) 004 density    prostrate hairs of tip 1 (none) 005 density erect hairs of extremity    1(none)    Shoot on blooming: 006 attitude 3(semi-erect) 007 color of dorsal    side of internodes 1(green) 008 color of ventral side of internodes    1(green) 009 color of dorsal side of nodes 1(green) 010 color of    ventral side of nodes 1(green) 011 density erect hairs on nodes    1(none) 012 density erect hairs on internodes 1(none) 013 density    prostrate hairs on nodes 1(none) 014 density prostrate hairs on    internodes 1(none) 015-1 anthocyanin pigmentation on the latent bud    scales 1 (absent) 015-2 intensity anthocyanin pigmentation bud    scales 1 (none)-   Tendrils: 016 number of consecutive tendrils 1(2 or less) 017 length    7 (long)-   Young leaf: 051 color of the upper side 3 (bronze) 053 density    prostrate hairs between the veins 1(none) 054 density erect hairs    between the veins 1(none) 055 density prostrate hairs on veins    1(none) 056 density erect hairs on veins 1(none)-   Mature leaf: 065 size of blade 3(small) 067 shape of blade 3    (pentagonal) 068 number of lobes 3 (five) 069 color of the upper    side 3 (medium green) 070 anthocyanin pigmentation veins on the    upper side 1(absent) 071 anthocyanin pigmentation veins on the lower    side 1(absent) 072 goffering of blade 3 (weak) 073 undulation of    blade between main and lateral veins 9 (present) 074 profile in    cross section 4 (revolute) 075 blistering of upper side 3 (weak) 076    shape of teeth 3 (convex) 077 size of teeth in relation to blade    size 5 (medium) 078 length of teeth compared with their width 7    (long) 079 degree of opening of petiole sinus 3 (little open) 080    shape of base of petiole sinus 3 (V-shaped) 081-1 teeth of the    petiole sinus 1(absent) 081-2 petiole sinus base delimited by veins    1(absent) 082 degree of opening of upper lateral sinuses 3 (slightly    overlapped) 083-1 shape of base of upper lateral sinuses 2    ({-shaped) 083-2 teeth in the upper lateral sinuses 1 (absent) 084    density of prostrate hairs between the veins of the lower side 1    (absent) 085 density of erect hairs between the veins of the lower    side 1(absent) 086 density of prostrate hairs on the veins of the    side 1 (none) 087 density of erect hairs on the veins of the lower    side 7 (high) 088 prostrate hairs on the main veins of the upper    side 1(absent) 089 erect hairs on the main veins of the upper side    1(absent) 090 density of prostrate hairs on petiole 1(none) 091    density of erect hairs on petiole 1 (none) 093 length of petiole    compared to middle vein 3 (slightly shorter)-   Woody shoot: 101 cross section 2 (elliptic) 102 structure of surface    3 (striate) 103 main color 2 (brownish)-   Inflorescence 151 sexual organs 3 (stamens complete, gynoecium    developed)-   Bunch: 202 length 5 (medium,<16 cm) 203 width 3(narrow,<8cm) 204    density 5 (medium) 206 length of peduncle 5 (medium) 207    lignification of peduncle 1(at the base only) 208 shape 2 (conical)    209 number of wings 1 (absent)-   Berry: 220 length 5 (medium,<18mm) 221 width 5 (medium,<18 mm) 222    uniformity of size 9 (uniform) 223 shape 2 (globose) 224 color of    the skin 1 (green yellow) 226 uniformity of the color of the skin 2    (uniform) 227 bloom 5 (medium) 228 thickness of the skin 5 (medium)    229 hilum 1 (little visible) 230 intensity anthocyanin pigmentation    of the flesh 1(none) 232 juiciness of the flesh 2 (medium juicy) 233    must yield 3 (low) 235 firmness of the flesh 2 (slightly firm) 236    particular flavor 2 (muscat) 238 length of pedicel 3 (short,<7 mm)    240 ease of detachment from pedicel 5 (medium) 241 formation of    seeds 2 (complete) 306 time of autumn coloring of leaves 1 (yellow)-   Phenologic characteristics: Time of bud burst: medium Time of full    bloom: medium Time of berry ripening: medium Time of maturity:    medium-   Productive characteristics: Real fertility of the buds 1.45    Potential fertility 1.62 Position of the first bunch 2nd-3rd bud    Production of grapes per vine Kg 2.25 Yield per hectare quintal 96    Medium weight bunch g 189 Medium weight berry g 2.10 Sugars, Brix    degree 22.52 Total acid content g/15.82 pH 3.46

The present variety tested negative against each of the GFLV, ArMV,GLRaV-1, GLRaV-3, and GVA viruses.

FINDINGS OF MOLECULAR INVESTIGATIONS

DNA was extracted from young leaves of different accessions for eachvariety by using the Doyle and Doyle extraction method (1990) asmodified by Grando et al. (2003). Molecular markers were obtained byanalyzing DNA specimens at the 9 microsatellite loci specified by theEuropean projects named Gen-Res81 and Grape-Gen06 for vine varietycharacterisation and at locus VMC1B11 (Vitis Microsatellite Consortium).In particular, the primers and amplification conditions described byThomas and Scott (1993) for locus VVS2, Bowers et al. (1996) for lociVVMD5 and VVMD7, Bowers et al. (1999) for loci VVMD25, VVMD27, VVMD28and VVMD32 and Sefc et al. (1999) for loci VrZAG62 and VrZAG79 wereapplied. PCR products were separated and analyzed with the GeneticAnalyzer ABI3130 and the GeneMapper® v4.0 software.

Microsatellite markers IASMA WMD5 WMD7 VVMD25 VMD27 VVMD28 WMD32 VVS2VMC1B11 VrZAG62 VrZAG79 ECO 3 225 227 233 239 250 256 177 187 249 259241 265 130 132 185 185 193 203 255 259

FINDINGS OF CULTIVATION TESTS

The series of summary tables below contain the findings for variousvintage years concerning the “IASMA ECO 3” vine variety compared to thereference vine variety.

Average data relative to some plant production parameters observed atthe San Michele a/A (TN) vineyard (vintage years 2004-2010): vine grownfollowing the Guyot method (arched shoot pruned at 8-10 sprouts/vine).

IASMA ECO 3 CHARDONNAY S. Michele a/A S. Michele a/A Grape/vineproduction (kg) 2.25 3.22 Actual shoot fertility 1.45 1.49 Potentialshoot fertility 1.62 1.54 Wood/vine production (kg) 0.489 0.686 Mustsugars (° Brix) 22.52 20.06 Moulds (%) 5.3 7.5 bunch botrytis Moulds (%)0.00 0.0 rachis desiccation Grape/wood ratio 4.60 4.69 Average datarelative to mechanical bunch analysis and must chemical composition.Collection of bunches in the vintage years 2004-2010 at technologicalmaturity (first or second half of September). Vineyard in S. Michelea./A. (Girelli TN).

Values Limit v. IASMA ECO 3 Average v. Min Max Mech. bunch analysisbunch average g 189 158 323 weight berry average g 2.10 1.85 2.60 weightberry longitudinal nun 18 14 22 diameter berry average nun 17 12 19diameter Bunch composition berries (% in weight) 95.3 94.1 96.6 stems (%in weight) 4.7 3.4 5.9 Berry composition skins (% in weight) 23.8 18.527.6 seeds (% in weight) 4.2 2.9 5.8 pulp and must (% in weight) 72.063.5 77.3 must yield (% volume/weight) 68.4 60.5 71.1 Must chemicalcomposition sugars ° Brix 22. 20.00 25.20 52 total acidity FA 5.82 4.436.98 pH 3.46 3.25 3.95 tartaric acid g/l 5.47 3.94 7.02 malic acid g/l2.08 1.44 3.02 potassium g/l 1.46 1.11 2.32 Average data relative to theanalysis of secondary metabolite profiles (aglycone flavonols, cinnamicacids and aromatic compounds of fruits) that characterise the variety'scompositional phenotype.Average profile of aromatic compounds in the free and complexed form

AROMATIC COMPOUNDS Oxide Oxide 4- HO- Oxide Oxide citro- A B linalolterpineol trienol C D nellol IASMA ECO 16 15 138 <1 74 12 85 22 3 (free)IASMA ECO 264 58 473 <1 109 53 52 14 3 (complexed) Methyl gera- benzylb-phenylethyl HO- HO- hydroxy- salicylate nerol niol alcohol alcoholdiol I diol II citronellol IASMA ECO 1 <1 14 117 24 14 68 246 3 (free)IASMA ECO 53 <1 186 557 102 118 18 24 3 (complexed) hydroxy- 8-hydroxy-8-hydroxy- 7-hydroxy- Trans-geranic rose rose nerol linalol translinalol cls geraniol acid phenol oxide I oxide II IASMA ECO <1 15 25 182 29 <1 <1 3 (free) IASMA ECO <1 232 171 133 30 906 <1 <1 3 (complexed)benzal- 3-hoxy- 3-hydroxy- 3-hexanol 3-hexanol dehyde 0-ionol damasconehexanol trans cis IASMA ECO <1 10 <1 88 <1 47 3 (free) IASMA ECO <1 78<1 12 <1 16 3 (complexed) Values expressed as μg/Kg of n-heptanolstandard grape RF = 1

According to the average profile of aromatic compounds in the free andcomplexed form, this variety can be classified as an aromatic variety.

Wine analysis.Origin of grape: Vineyard in S. Michele a./A. (Girelli TN)vintage years 2004-2010.

Values Limit v. IASMA ECO 3 Average v. Min. Max alcohol content % vol.12.81 11.12 13.43 total acidity in tartaric acid g/l 4.91 3.75 5.15 dryextract g/l 20.60 17.38 22.50 pH 3.50 3.45 3.65 catechins andproantocyanidins mg/l 20 14 29 (+) catechin total polypheuols mg/l (+)catechin 212 148 264

BEHAVIOUR IN VEGETATIVE MULTIPLICATION

Grafted vine affinity with the most popular holders—3) good

CULTIVATION CHARACTERISTICS AND SUITABILITY

The present invention vine variety shows good vigour with mediumsprouting stage, with green-yellow, medium-sized, spheroid berry withmedium thickness skin. The bunch is medium-sized, conical, relativelycompact and often winged. It has a good yield and is relatively quiteresistant to botrytis. Its physiological maturity occurs in the secondstage; it shows a good capacity to accumulate sugars with low acidityvalues, especially in warm vintage years. It can perfectly stand wintercold and shows a good resistance to downy mildew and a medium resistanceto powdery mildew. It prefers relatively fertile mixed hilly soils. Itis ideal to produce delicate aromatic wines at altitudes exceeding 400 mabove sea level or on slopes facing north.

USE

The present invention vine variety is particularly suited to producefresh aromatic white wine; its taste recalls lemon balm and white peachwith intense organoleptic characteristics; medium-low acidic strength(low in warm vintage years). It produces medium-body wines with goodalcohol content and good sapidity, slightly aromatic and very peculiar.It can also be successfully used to produce still pure or mixed wines.

REFERENCES

-   BOWERS J. E., DANGL G. S., VIGNANI R., MEREDITH C. P.    (1996)—Isolation and characterization of new polymorphic simple    sequence repeat loci in grape (Vitis vinifera L.). Genome 39,    628-633.-   BOWERS, J. E.; DANGL, G. S.; MEREDITH, C. P.; 1999b: Development and    characterization of additional microsatellite DNA markers for grape.    Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 50 (3), 243-246.-   Costantini L., Monaco A., Vouillamoz J. F., Forlani M.,    Grando M. S. (2005) Genetic relationships among local Vitis vinifera    cultivars from Campania (Italy) Vitis 44 (1) 25-34-   This P, Jung A, Boccacci P, Borrego J, Botta R, Costantini L,    Crespan M, Dangl G. S, Eisenheld C, Ferreira-Monteiro F., Grando    MS., Ibáñez J, Lacombe T, Laucou V, Magalhaes R, Meredith C. P,    Milani N, Peterlunger E, Regner F, Zulini L, Maul E (2004).    Development of a standard set of microsatellite reference alleles    for identification of grape cultivars. Theor Appl Genet 109:    1448-1458-   SEFC, K. M.; REGNER, F.; TURETSCHEK, E.; GLÖSSL, J.; STEINKELLNER,    H.; 1999: Identification of microsatellite sequences in Vitis    riparia and their applicability for genotyping of different Vitis    species. Genome 42, 367-373.-   SOLDAVINI C., SCHNEIDER A., STEFANINI M., DALLASERRA A.,    POLICARPO M. (2007). SuperAmpelo un Software per la descrizione    ampelografica e ampelometrica della vite Italus Hortus 14, 2: 39-40.-   STEFANINI M., GRANDO M. S., IACONO F. (1998) Recupero,    caratterizzazione e valorizzazione di vecchie variety di Vitis    vinifera coltivate in Trentino. Atti Biodiversity: germoplasma    locale e sua valorizzazione pp. 269-272. (Alghero)-   STEFANINI M. TOMASI T. (2010) Antichi vitigni del Trentino FEM    Istituto Agrario S. Michele a/A (TN)-   THOMAS M. R., SCOTT N. S. (1993)—Microsatellite repeats in grapevine    reveal DNA polymorphisms when analysed as sequence-tagged sites    (STSs). Theor. Appl. Genet. 86, 985-990.-   RAUZI G. M. SPAGNOLLI F. Note storico-etimologiche sulla viticoltura    trentina XIV Congresso internazionale della vite e del vino Trento    (1974)-   MARCHI C. Sul nuovo indirizzo viticolo-enologico nella Venezia    Tridentina. (1930)

1. A new and distinct variety of grapevine as herein illustrated anddescribed.